SUBTERRANEAN CANALS are part of underground water in dried and half dried regions in IRAN and gonabad for reason, mythological numerous SUBTERRANEAN CANALS, like ghasabe SUBTERRANEAN canal in this area is important. An accomplished study especially since 1982 up to day indicates that two original element in decreasing SUBTERRANEAN CANALS water. One improper operation is caused reducing the water level of underground sources and another phenomenon of universe climate' changes which its effect has appeared as severe drought in our country and is effectively the cause of decreasing water and reduction of underground water.Analyzing the descriptive correlation between climate and water field has been attributed and used by statistical method in this study. It has been recognized that there is a relation between cultivated level and water CANALS, so that during 1998 to 2007 that is nine years 23% water supply and %59 cultivated level has decreased as well and that 14% the immigration of villagers have been caused by decreasing CANALS water.

Clovers are annual plants or prennial that are used to livestock feed production and soil improvement. SUBTERRANEAN clover (Trifolium subterraneum) is common name for a Trifolium species that is geocarpic with seeds maturing in burrs below or near the soil surface. The other common name of SUBTERRANEAN clover is subclover. Subclover includes a large number of strains and cultivars that have a wide range in time to maturity with an accompanying range in low temperature requirements for reproduction. Most of the strains and cultivars of sub clover are tolerant to moderately acid soil condition. Hardheadedness and embryo dormancy provide the seed with a germination-regulation mechanism, in other word, seed coat impermeability or hardheadedness and embryo dormancy aids in producing subsequent stands, particularly in areas of low and unreliable rainfall. Seeds are normally sown before the first autumn rains.SUBTERRANEAN clover in Ley farming is a suitable crop after wheat or barly. This plant was reported in Golestan Province (Gorgan) and Gilan (Rasht and Lahigan).

In the framework of collection and identification of fungi of Zagros mountains (W and SW Iran), specimens of agaric fungi with SUBTERRANEAN development were collected from oak forests in Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari province. Native people of Dopolan and Rahimabad used hypogeous fruit-bodies of fungus as edible fungi. Excavation was done and fungal samples were found at 15–30 cm soil depth, near Oak roots. Because underground development and formation of basidiocarps, shape of pilei was abnormal. Samples were identified asAgaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc.

In order to evaluating the effect of flooding on growth and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in SUBTERRANEAN clover, an experiment was carried out using a randomized complete blocks with 4 replications and 2 treatments. Treatments were normal conditions of Gorgan and artificial flooding condition. Dactylis gelomerata was used as a reference plant to estimate BNF in SUBTERRANEAN clover. Result showed that flooding conditions reduced dry matter production, BNF, nodules fresh weight and leaf area by 14.6, 31.7, 28.7 and 14.4% in comparison to control. But, nitrogen yield was not significantly affected by flooding.

The handmade SUBTERRANEAN architectural structure is a special kind of architecture that is in its creation does not require any construction materials but it needs many efforts and hard working to be produced The different types of this kind are visible in the different parts of Iran. A unique collection of this type of architecture is the troglodytic architectural complex of Samen, located about 90 km from the south of Hamadan, 15 km from the south west of Malayer. Accessibility to this complex has been possible first in 2006. This site is composed of about 50 troglodytic architectural spaces in different sizes including corridors, halls and rooms. Four successive research programs (identification, documentation, clearing and archeological excavations) were carried out on this complex from 2008 to 2011 conducted by one of us; Ali Khaksar. Field study of this complex brought to light not only the unknown characteristics of such SUBTERRANEAN architecture but resulted in to discover about 60 human bone fragments. Our comparative analysis on the materials found from the site as well as on the human bone fragments led to conclude the site has been in use during the Parthian period.

This paper examines the environmental conditions of basements in the hot arid city of Kashan. To this end, basements of traditional houses were chosen with depths ranging from 3 to 14 meters. Environmental data measured for these houses was then compared with the baseline data measured for the roof. A comparison was then made with thermal comfort conditions using Givoni Diagram. The results indicate that while the outdoor summer temperatures vary between 27o to 43 o Celsius, the average indoor temperature of the basement is always in the comfort range of 23 o to 29 o. The temperature fluctuations decrease with the depth of the basement. In deeper basements with little infiltration, the fluctuations are as small as only 1 o. Connecting the wind-catcher shafts to the basement is a clever solution to balance humidity and temperature for further human comfort.